— Obesity prevalence among those aged 5 to 19 has quadrupled since 1990; about 400 million people were overweight in 2024, including 170 million living with obesity. For children under 10, WHO endorsed diet, physical activity, and behavioral support instead of medication, while adolescents aged 10 to 19 may consider drugs only after supervised interventions fail. Luz Regil, director of the Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, noted there is "currently insufficient evidence" on GLP-1 drugs, though researchers are monitoring efficacy trials for potential reassessment.
— Their discoveries can help address global challenges, including climate change. Kagan is affiliated with Université Paris-Sud in Orsay, France, while Soai, 95, is affiliated with the Tokyo University of Science. The Nobel Prize in Literature is set for Thursday, followed by the Nobel Peace Prize on Friday, with the series concluding Monday with the announcement of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. Laureates receive a medal, a diploma, and a cash award of $1.2 million.
— Karl Deisseroth, 54, Peter Hegemann, 71, and Georg Nagel, 73, have carried out research into the mechanisms the brain uses to switch on, or off, the activity of individual nerve cells: light-gated ion channels and optogenetics. They are based at universities in Germany and the United States.