— Like a virus, this new organism 'Sukunaarchaeum mirabile' outsources some functions to its host, but can still create its own ribosomes and RNA. Its genome is also surprisingly small, and is roughly half the size (238,000 base pairs) of the next-smallest archaeal genome. Researchers in Canada and Japan outlined how they identified the new cellular entity named after a deity in Japanese mythology known for its small stature. Led by Ryo Harada, a molecular biologist from Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, the team chanced upon this strange creature while studying the bacterial genome of the marine plankton Citharistes regius. Within the genomic data, Harada and his team found a loop of DNA that didn't match with any known species. They eventually determined that the organism belonged to the domain Archaea — a group associated with prokaryotic cells, but from which eukaryotic cells (i.e. you and me) ultimately descended a couple billion years ago. "The discovery of Sukunaarchaeum pushes the conventional boundaries of cellular life and highlights the vast unexplored biological novelty within microbial interactions," the researchrs write. "Further exploration of symbiotic systems may reveal even more extraordinary life forms, reshaping our understanding of cellular evolution."
— Part of three weather satellites in low-Earth orbit they are maintained by NOAA in cooperation with the United States Department of Defense. The SSMIS provides critical weather information that can't yet be replaced by other satellites and weather instruments, according to NOAA. "This service change and termination will be permanent," wrote NOAA.
— A globally unique open-air trial has been running for 47 years in Therwil in the Swiss canton of Basel-City.
— Switzerland is continental Europe's glacier capital, with some 1,400 that provide drinking water, irrigation for farmland in many parts of Europe including French wine country, and hydropower that generates most of the country's electricity. The number has been dwindling. The Alpine country has already lost up to 1,000 small glaciers, and the bigger ones are increasingly at risk.
— The proposed law preventing companies from making misleading environmental claims now looks unlikely to be enacted. The negotiations were due to continue on Monday.
— UK would be "fundamentally less habitable than it is at the moment." Temperatures could drop by 10C, and climate would be similar to that of Scandinavia. One study said it could collapse anywhere between 2025 and 2095.
— The woman is the only known carrier of a new blood type, dubbed "Gwada negative", the French Blood Establishment (EFS) said. The discovery was made 15 years after researchers received a blood sample from a patient who was undergoing routine tests ahead of a surgery. "The EFS has just discovered the 48th blood group system in the world!" the agency said in a statement.
— The launch of the injection faces potential threats, including the Trump administration's proposed cuts to federal funding for HIV prevention efforts.
— "From today, all new submissions to Nature that are published will be accompanied by referees' reports and author responses — to illuminate the process of producing rigorous science."
— scientists at EPFL have collected and curated MammAlps, the first richly annotated, multi-view, multimodal wildlife behaviour dataset in collaboration with the Swiss National Park. MammAlps is designed to train AI models for species and behaviour recognition tasks, and ultimately to help researchers understand animal behaviour better. This work could make conservation efforts faster, cheaper, and smarter. MammAlps was developed by Valentin Gabeff, a PhD student at EPFL under the supervision of Professors Alexander Mathis and Devis Tuia, together with their respective research teams.
— MammAlps brings a new standard to wildlife monitoring: a full sensory snapshot of animal behaviour across multiple angles, sounds, and contexts. It also introduces a "long-term event understanding" benchmark, meaning scientists can now study not just isolated behaviours from short clips, but broader ecological scenes over time—like a wolf stalking a deer across several camera views.
— The researchers set up nine camera traps that recorded more than 43 hours of raw footage over the course of several weeks. The team then meticulously processed it, using AI tools to detect and track individual animals, resulting in 8.5 hours of material showing wildlife interaction. They labeled behaviors using a hierarchical approach, categorizing each moment at two levels: high-level activities like foraging or playing, and finer actions like walking, grooming, or sniffing. This structure allows AI models to interpret behaviors more accurately by linking detailed movements to broader behavioral patterns.
— To provide AI models with richer context, the team supplemented video with audio recordings and captured "reference scene maps" that documented environmental factors like water sources, bushes, and rocks. This addition al data enables better interpretation of habitat-specific behaviours. "By incorporating other modalities alongside video, we've shown that AI models can better identify animal behaviour," explains Alexander Mathis. "This multi-modal approach gives us a more complete picture of wildlife behaviour."
— Not just a vestigial organ: an important component of immune function, especially in early life. May play role in protecting the gastrointestinal system from invading pathogens, and removal may be related to the increased incidence of other conditions such as heart disease and Parkinson's disease. The role of the appendix in maintaining microbial diversity therefore appears to be critical to overall health.
— The range of A. flavus in Europe could jump about 16 percent, potentially putting another one million people at risk of infection. A. fumigatus, the chief culprit behind invasive aspergillosis, could expand its European footprint by 77.5 percent, threatening up to nine million more residents. In Africa, paradoxically, parts of the continent may become too hot for some fungi to survive, hinting at complex regional trade-offs.
— Around 60 percent of deeper waters have gone beyond ocean acidification needed for shells and skeletons (surface aragonite saturation), and 40 percent of surface waters. It damages coral reefs, makes waters inhospitable for shell-building creatures, and kills off or weakens other marine life. That then has a knock-on effect on the rest of the ecosystem. "From the coral reefs that support tourism to the shellfish industries that sustain coastal communities, we're gambling with both biodiversity and billions in economic value every day that action is delayed."
— "Speakers at the weekend event talked about how AI can seek out deeper, universal values that humanity hasn't even been privy to, and that machines should be taught to pursue 'the good', or risk enslaving an entity capable of suffering."
— A new study reveals more than 20% of the Earth's oceans, an area larger than Asia, has darkened over the last two decades. Almost 90% of marine life lives in what is known as the photic zone; the surface part of the ocean where sufficient light penetrates to stimulate biological processes like photosynthesis and animal behavior. With an average depth of 200 meters (656 ft), the photic zone is vital for fish stocks and the global nutrient cycle. "Ocean darkening" occurs when sufficient light cannot penetrate these photic zones of the ocean.
— marine organisms, whose behaviours are influenced by photons, will have insufficient light to grow, move, hunt, and reproduce, forcing them to migrate vertically, closer to the ocean surface. When light-dependent species are forced upward into a smaller belt near surface waters, the competition for resources and food intensifies and animals are exposed to an elevated risk of predation.
— A fossil hunter's accidental discovery in a quiet Scottish quarry in 1984 has challenged our knowledge of one of evolution's biggest leaps the moment life crawled from water onto land. The creature looked like a small lizard but was actually far more ancient a stem tetrapod, a common ancestor of all amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Westlothiana lived 14 million years earlier than previously believed, thus changing evolutionary theories. It suggests: Limbs and lungs developed faster than anyone thought. Reptiles, birds, mammals (ammniotes) may have previously split from amphibians. Environmental anarchy, volcanoes, and poisonous lakes may have sped up evolution.
— The fusiform gyrus, a large ridge that runs across two lobes of the brain, is active both when you see something in reality and when you imagine something. The activity levels in that region predicted whether or not you think something is real, irrespective of whether you see or imagine it.
— "In every bioregion, there is always a core area where most species live," lead author Dr. Rubén Bernardo-Madrid of Umeå University explained in a release. "From that core, species expand into surrounding areas, but only a subset manages to persist. It seems these cores provide optimal conditions for species survival and diversification, acting as a source from which biodiversity radiates outward." Researchers analyzed the global distribution of amphibians, birds, mammals, reptiles, dragonflies, trees, and rays, drawing from extensive ecological databases and mapping more than 48,000 geographic grid cells. The scientists identified seven distinct types of areas — or "biogeographical sectors" — that recur across the globe. Biodiversity hotspots (core areas) tend to have stable, resource-rich conditions that support a wide variety of endemic species. In contrast, species found in transitional zones are typically generalists or migrants, able to survive in more variable or marginal conditions but less unique to any region.
— Glaciers in the US and Canada are the most affected, as 75 percent are already predicted to melt. The Hindu Kush and Karakoram ranges, meanwhile, have more stable futures. Vice: The study separated itself from others as it looked ahead past 2100, the previous stopping point of past research.
— The study's findings may read as devastating at first glance, but that's the opposite of what the researchers intended. Lilian Schuster, who co-led the study, told CNN that she and her peers wanted *to give a message of hope" through their work. "With the study, we want to show that with every tenth of a degree less of global warming, we can preserve glacier ice," she said, with fellow co-lead Harry Zekollari adding, "We're not activists, this is science talking."
— As The Guardian reports, scientists at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity in Melbourne found a way to make the HIV virus visible, potentially laying the groundwork for ways to banish it from the body altogether. Author and Doherty Institute research fellow Paula Cevaal told the Guardian that it was "previously thought impossible" to deliver messenger RNA (mRNA) into HIV-containing white blood cells. But thanks to a new type of LNPs (bubbles of formulated fat called lipid nanoparticles), dubbed LNP X, the team found a way for these cells to accept the mRNA.
— It comes just a week after health secretary and anti-vaccine advocate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. unilaterally revoked and altered some of the CDC's recommendations for COVID-19 vaccines, restricting access to children and pregnant people. The resignation also comes three weeks before CDC's experts and advisors are scheduled to meet to publicly evaluate data and discuss the recommendations for this season, a long-established process that was disrupted by Kennedy's announcement.
— If current climate policies remain unchanged, global temperatures are expected to rise by 2.7 degrees Celsius by 2100, resulting in the loss of approximately 76 percent of today's glacier volume and causing sea levels to increase by a minimum of 113 millimetres.
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